Leprosy scenario at a tertiary care hospital in North India: A 5-year retrospective study
Keywords:
Leprosy, North India, retrospective studyAbstract
Leprosy has been officially eliminated from India since December, 2005; still wide variations in prevalence rates continue to exist across the states and regions in the country. Aims: To determine the current clinical profile of leprosy at a tertiary care hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: A five year retrospective study was carried out on patients diagnosed and registered in the leprosy clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India from January2013 to December 2017. Data regarding demographic details, clinical features, treatment started and complications was analyzed. Results: A total of 128 patients were registered over a 5-year period, with M: F ratio of 2.7:1. Of the total 2.34% were children (=14 years) and 89.4 % patients were immigrants from adjoining states. Multibacillary leprosy was the most common clinical type (85.15%). Borderline tuberculoid (69.53%) leprosy was the most frequent morphologic type followed by tuberculoid (10.16%), borderline lepromatous (8.59%), pure neuritic (7.03%) and lepromatous leprosy (2.34%). No case of histoid and indeterminate leprosy was reported. 18.75% patients presented in reaction (Type I in 16.4% and Type II in 2.34%). WHO grade II deformities (G2D) were diagnosed in 2.34% with claw hand being the most common paralytic deformity (1.56%). Conclusion: Despite statistical elimination, multibacillary disease and leprosy reactions are commonly seen as presenting manifestations, in contrast to national projected trends. It highlights the need for high quality leprosy services including good referral system for active case detection.
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